Pump and Probe: Difference between revisions
| Line 210: | Line 210: | ||
PumpPATH= "<span style="color:red">./PUMP/</span>" # Path of the simulation with the Pump only | PumpPATH= "<span style="color:red">./PUMP/</span>" # Path of the simulation with the Pump only | ||
Notice that in this case we are interested in the spectra below the 4 eV, that is was zero without the presence of the pump. We put in the input the pump path in such way to calculate the | Notice that in this case we are interested in the spectra below the 4 eV, that is was zero without the presence of the pump. We put in the input the pump path in such way to calculate the | ||
<math>\Delta P(t) = P_{PnP}(t) - P_{pump}(t) | |||
</math>. | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 16:15, 8 November 2022
This tutorial works only with Yambo version > 5.1, that will be released soon.
In this tutorial we will show you how to setup two external fields in yambo_nl, to perform pump and probe simulation. [1]
This tutorial is at independent particle level, but the same kind of simulation can be repeated including local field effects,
quasi-particle correction or electron-hole interaction, see for example the tutorials:
Correlation effects in the non-linear response
Real time Bethe-Salpeter Equation (TDSE)
This tutorial supposes that you are already familiar with real-time simulation with Yambo[2]
if it is not the case please check these tutorials: Tutorials#Non_linear_response
We start from the h-BN monolayer with an in place lattice constant a=2.5 Å and a box large 30 a.u. in the z-direction.
Standard DFT input for hBN monolayer for ABINIT or QuantumEspresso can be found here Tutorials.
We used a 9x9x1 k-points grid and 8 bands in the non-self consistent calculation.
In our example we choose direction [0,1,0] for the pump and [1,0,0] for the probe. We generate the ypp.in to remove symmetries with the command ypp -y and we modify it as:
fixsyms # [R] Remove symmetries not consistent with an external perturbation % Efield1 0.000000 | 1.000000 | 0.000000 | # First external Electric Field % % Efield2 1.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | # Additional external Electric Field % BField= 0.000000 T # [MAG] Magnetic field modulus Bpsi= 0.000000 deg # [MAG] Magnetic field psi angle [degree] Btheta= 0.000000 deg # [MAG] Magnetic field theta angle [degree] #RmAllSymm # Remove all symmetries RmTimeRev # Remove Time Reversal #RmSpaceInv # Remove Spatial Inversion
then we go in the FixSymm directory and run again the setup.
We will perform three different real-time calculations:
- the probe field alone;
- the pump field alone;
- the pump and probe configuration.
Probe only
We can generate the input file for a generic Pump and Probe calculations with the command: yambo_nl -u p -F yambo.in_probe:
nloptics # [R] Non-linear spectroscopy DIP_Threads=0 # [OPENMP/X] Number of threads for dipoles NL_Threads=0 # [OPENMP/NL] Number of threads for nl-optics % NLBands 3 | 6 | # [NL] Bands range % NLverbosity= "high" # [NL] Verbosity level (low | high) NLtime= 80.000000 fs # [NL] Simulation Time NLintegrator= " CRANKNIC" # [NL] Integrator ("EULEREXP/RK2/RK4/RK2EXP/HEUN/INVINT/CRANKNIC") NLCorrelation= "IPA" # [NL] Correlation ("IPA/HARTREE/TDDFT/LRC/LRW/JGM/SEX") NLLrcAlpha= 0.000000 # [NL] Long Range Correction NLDamping= 0.000000 eV # [NL] Damping (or dephasing) RADLifeTime=-1.000000 fs # [RT] Radiative life-time (if negative Yambo sets it equal to Phase_LifeTime in NL) #EvalCurrent # [NL] Evaluate the current #FrPolPerdic # [DIP] Force periodicity of polarization respect to the external field HARRLvcs= 21817 RL # [HA] Hartree RL components EXXRLvcs= 21817 RL # [XX] Exchange RL components % Field1_Freq 0.100000 | 0.100000 | eV # [RT Field1] Frequency % Field1_NFreqs= 1 # [RT Field1] Frequency Field1_Int= 1000.00 kWLm2 # [RT Field1] Intensity Field1_Width= 0.000000 fs # [RT Field1] Width Field1_kind= " DELTA" # [RT Field1] Kind(SIN|COS|RES|ANTIRES|GAUSS|DELTA|QSSIN) Field1_pol= "linear" # [RT Field1] Pol(linear|circular) % Field1_Dir 0.000000 | 1.000000 | 0.000000 | # [RT Field1] Versor % Field1_Tstart= 5.00000 fs # [RT Field1] Initial Time [......]
In this input we set only the first field that is the probe, we use a DELTA function as field in such a way to probe all the frequencies, and set the starting point of the delta at t=5 fs.
Run this job in a separate folder with the command yambo_nl -F yambo.in_probe -J PROBE. Then we can analyze the spectra with ypp -u -J PROBE :
nonlinear # [R] Non-linear response analysis Xorder= 1 # Max order of the response/exc functions % TimeRange -1.000000 |-1.000000 | fs # Time-window where processing is done % ETStpsRt= 200 # Total Energy steps % EnRngeRt 0.00000 | 20.00000 | eV # Energy range % DampMode= "LORENTZIAN" # Damping type ( NONE | LORENTZIAN | GAUSSIAN ) DampFactor= 0.100000 eV # Damping parameter PumpPATH= "none" # Path of the simulation with the Pump only
and get the dielectric response. Notice that we introduce a Lorentzian broadening the post-processing.
Hereafter we plot the damped polarization along the y-direction and the corresponding dielectric constant:
the arrow indicates the position where we will put the Pump in the next simulation.
Pump only
Now we run a simulation with the pump field only. We generate the input in the same way yambo_nl -u p -F yambo.in_pump.
These result will be our reference field in the final analysis. Here the input file for the pump:
nloptics # [R] Non-linear spectroscopy DIP_Threads=0 # [OPENMP/X] Number of threads for dipoles NL_Threads=0 # [OPENMP/NL] Number of threads for nl-optics % NLBands 3 | 6 | # [NL] Bands range % NLverbosity= "high" # [NL] Verbosity level (low | high) NLtime= 150.0000 fs # [NL] Simulation Time NLintegrator= "CRANKNIC" # [NL] Integrator ("EULEREXP/RK2/RK4/RK2EXP/HEUN/INVINT/CRANKNIC") NLCorrelation= "IPA" # [NL] Correlation ("IPA/HARTREE/TDDFT/LRC/LRW/JGM/SEX") NLLrcAlpha= 0.000000 # [NL] Long Range Correction NLDamping= 0.000000 eV # [NL] Damping (or dephasing) RADLifeTime=-1.000000 fs # [RT] Radiative life-time (if negative Yambo sets it equal to Phase_LifeTime in NL) #EvalCurrent # [NL] Evaluate the current #FrPolPerdic # [DIP] Force periodicity of polarization respect to the external field HARRLvcs= 21817 RL # [HA] Hartree RL components EXXRLvcs= 21817 RL # [XX] Exchange RL components % Field1_Freq 0.100000 | 0.100000 | eV # [RT Field1] Frequency % Field1_NFreqs= 1 # [RT Field1] Frequency Field1_Int= 10000.00 kWLm2 # [RT Field1] Intensity Field1_Width= 0.000000 fs # [RT Field1] Width Field1_kind= "SOFTSIN" # [RT Field1] Kind(SIN|COS|RES|ANTIRES|GAUSS|DELTA|QSSIN) Field1_pol= "linear" # [RT Field1] Pol(linear|circular) % Field1_Dir 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | # [RT Field1] Versor % Field1_Tstart= 0.010000 fs # [RT Field1] Initial Time % Field2_Freq 5.42 | 5.42 | eV # [RT Field2] Frequency % Field2_NFreqs= 1 # [RT Field2] Frequency Field2_Int= 1000.00 kWLm2 # [RT Field2] Intensity Field2_Width= 10.00000 fs # [RT Field2] Width Field2_kind= "QSSIN" # [RT Field2] Kind(SIN|COS|RES|ANTIRES|GAUSS|DELTA|QSSIN) Field2_pol= "linear" # [RT Field2] Pol(linear|circular) % Field2_Dir 0.000000 | 1.000000 | 0.000000 | # [RT Field2] Versor % Field2_Tstart= 0.010000 fs # [RT Field2] Initial Time [...]
In this simulation we used as Pump field QSSIN that is sinus with a Guassian envelopesine-Gaussian wave. For a list of all possible field in Yambo see the file src/modules/mod_fields.F. We centred the field frequency at 5.22 eV that is the energy of the highest peak in the previous figure, see arrow there. Run the simulation with the command yambo_nl -F yambo.in_pump -J PUMP . The pump field (column 6th of the file o-PUMP.external_potential_F1) is shown in the figure below:
Pump and probe
Now we copy the pump in file in a new file cp yambo.in_pump yambo.in_pump_and_probe and turn on the probe field:
nloptics # [R] Non-linear spectroscopy DIP_Threads=0 # [OPENMP/X] Number of threads for dipoles NL_Threads=0 # [OPENMP/NL] Number of threads for nl-optics % NLBands 3 | 6 | # [NL] Bands range % NLverbosity= "high" # [NL] Verbosity level (low | high) NLtime= 150.0000 fs # [NL] Simulation Time NLintegrator= "CRANKNIC" # [NL] Integrator ("EULEREXP/RK2/RK4/RK2EXP/HEUN/INVINT/CRANKNIC") NLCorrelation= "IPA" # [NL] Correlation ("IPA/HARTREE/TDDFT/LRC/LRW/JGM/SEX") NLLrcAlpha= 0.000000 # [NL] Long Range Correction NLDamping= 0.000000 eV # [NL] Damping (or dephasing) RADLifeTime=-1.000000 fs # [RT] Radiative life-time (if negative Yambo sets it equal to Phase_LifeTime in NL) #EvalCurrent # [NL] Evaluate the current #FrPolPerdic # [DIP] Force periodicity of polarization respect to the external field HARRLvcs= 21817 RL # [HA] Hartree RL components EXXRLvcs= 21817 RL # [XX] Exchange RL components % Field1_Freq 0.100000 | 0.100000 | eV # [RT Field1] Frequency % Field1_NFreqs= 1 # [RT Field1] Frequency Field1_Int= 1.00 kWLm2 # [RT Field1] Intensity Field1_Width= 0.000000 fs # [RT Field1] Width Field1_kind= "DELTA" # [RT Field1] Kind(SIN|COS|RES|ANTIRES|GAUSS|DELTA|QSSIN) Field1_pol= "linear" # [RT Field1] Pol(linear|circular) % Field1_Dir 1.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | # [RT Field1] Versor % Field1_Tstart= 90.0000 fs # [RT Field1] Initial Time % Field2_Freq 5.42 | 5.42 | eV # [RT Field2] Frequency % Field2_NFreqs= 1 # [RT Field2] Frequency Field2_Int= 1000.00 kWLm2 # [RT Field2] Intensity Field2_Width= 10.00000 fs # [RT Field2] Width Field2_kind= "QSSIN" # [RT Field2] Kind(SIN|COS|RES|ANTIRES|GAUSS|DELTA|QSSIN) Field2_pol= "linear" # [RT Field2] Pol(linear|circular) % Field2_Dir 0.000000 | 1.000000 | 0.000000 | # [RT Field2] Versor % Field2_Tstart= 0.010000 fs # [RT Field2] Initial Time
you run the simulation with the command yambo_nl -F yambo.in_pump_and_probe -J PUMP_AND_PROBE and then we analyze the result using ypp with the command: ypp_nl -u -J PUMP_AND_PROBE :
nonlinear # [R] Non-linear response analysis Xorder= 1 # Max order of the response/exc functions % TimeRange -1.000000 |-1.000000 | fs # Time-window where processing is done % ETStpsRt= 500 # Total Energy steps % EnRngeRt 0.00000 | 3.9000 | eV # Energy range % DampMode= "GAUSSIAN" # Damping type ( NONE | LORENTZIAN | GAUSSIAN ) DampFactor= 0.085000 eV # Damping parameter PumpPATH= "./PUMP/" # Path of the simulation with the Pump only
Notice that in this case we are interested in the spectra below the 4 eV, that is was zero without the presence of the pump. We put in the input the pump path in such way to calculate the [math]\displaystyle{ \Delta P(t) = P_{PnP}(t) - P_{pump}(t) }[/math].
References
- ↑ Exciton - Exciton transitions involving strongly bound Frenkel excitons: an ab initio approach, D. Sangalli, M. D'Alessandro and C. Attaccalite, in preparation
- ↑ Non-linear response in extended systems: a real-time approach, C. Attaccalite